资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
访谈|进博会“五届老友”AGC:将深化植根中国的长期承诺******
(第五届进博会)访谈|进博会“五届老友”AGC:将深化植根中国的长期承诺
中新社上海11月4日电 题:访谈|进博会“五届老友”AGC:将深化植根中国的长期承诺
中新社记者 许婧
作为进博会的老朋友,日本AGC株式会社执行董事、AGC集团中国总代表上田敏裕在接受中新社记者专访时表示,中国通过进博会释放出“向全世界敞开大门”“中国经济强有力的发展”的信号。
自2018年首次参展,AGC持续借力进博会开放、合作、共赢的平台效能,共享中国发展机遇,连续五年亮相进博会。
上田敏裕介绍说,今年,AGC将以“碳中和”为主线,围绕“AGC创新材料,守护蓝色星球”的主题,分绿色能源、智能增效、多维创新三大板块,展示近40件全球领先的材料产品和创新成果。“我们希望用材料的力量,在EV电动车以及中国倡导的新基建领域,助力发展。”
除了现场展出的产品,AGC还带来新的材料项目的落地。上田敏裕透露,本届进博会期间,他将前往景德镇,与当地政府合作落实数字化精密陶瓷3D打印项目。该项目是使用AGC研发生产的新材料"铂丽砂",依靠3D数字成型技术,经传统瓷器高温烧制上釉工艺,以浮雕为主要表现形式的瓷器艺术崭新类别。
AGC的前身是成立于1907年的旭硝子株式会社,于20世纪70年代进入中国,目前已在华发展40余年,深耕汽车、电视、智能手机等领域多年,实现了从产品制造向“制造加销售”的转变。
目前,AGC在苏州落地了全球首条大型复杂形状车载显示器盖板玻璃生产线,在深圳建成了世界上最大尺寸的液晶玻璃基板第11代工厂。相关项目把来自日本、意大利、比利时、德国等国家的350名技术人员带到中国。
在上田敏裕看来,对习惯藏身“幕后”的材料企业而言,进博会是一个能全方位展示自己的舞台。首届进博会上,旭硝子株式会社正式宣布从“旭硝子到AGC”的公司名称变更计划,第二届进博会上又推出了最新的中文名字“艾杰旭”。“AGC在进博会上两次推出新名字,让企业形象在中国消费者心目中逐渐清晰;进博会这个舞台,也让AGC和我本人结识了很多商界、政界的合作伙伴,收获远超预期。”
上田敏裕也注意到,眼下全球经济增速持续处于低位,全球化进程出现“退潮”,但他近几年仍切身感受到中国营商环境的“进化”,AGC伴随并见证着中国的发展一起成长,尤其是近20年,中国从全世界最大的工厂成为全球最大的市场,AGC中国的业务也在发生变化。
“长期来看,中国市场仍具有巨大吸引力。”上田敏裕告诉记者,在华外资企业十分关注中国经济和中国市场以及中国经济接下来的发展动向,如果能克服疫情带来的影响,相信外企投资会很快增加。
上田敏裕2017年就任AGC中国总代表,在此之前他对中国并不熟悉。今年6月,他拿到中国绿卡,“一方面证明了自己被中国社会所认可,另一方面让我坚信搭建连接日中两国的‘空中桥梁’是非常正确的事,将来应该做更多推动日中友好的工作”。
“双方有互相了解的机会非常重要,我愿意主动制造这种机会,对话和交流非常重要,唯如此才能解决问题。”展望未来,上田敏裕说,AGC将继续以材料产业为基石原点,进一步深化植根中国的长期承诺,为中国经济的发展贡献力量。(完)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)